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When Can You Withdraw from Your 401k or IRA and Avoid Penalties?

Withdrawing money early from your 401(k), your IRA or some other type of retirement fund is something that may be necessary for a wide range of reasons. Maybe you're dealing with unexpected medical bills and could use a bit of financial assistance. Perhaps you've gone through some type of life-changing event like a divorce.

Regardless — it happens, and it's totally understandable. It is not, however, a decision that should be made lightly. If you want to withdraw funds from your 401(k) or IRA and avoid the often hefty penalties that follow, you'll need to keep a few key things in mind.

Avoiding Penalties on Retirement Accounts: What You Need to Know

All told, there are actually a number of different ways that you can qualify for a penalty exemption on withdrawals from these types of retirement accounts — provided that you're using that money for very specific purposes. Currently, these include but are not limited to things like:

  • Education expenses. Provided that your expenses count as tuition, books, fees to a university or other supplies, you're allowed to take an IRA distribution for "qualified higher education expenses." 

  • You're about to buy a new home. If you are buying a home in your name for the first time, you can take out up to $10,000 from your IRA without suffering a penalty. If you happen to be married, your spouse is able to do the same — so long as neither of you has had any type of ownership interest in another piece of property at any point over the last two years. 

  • Medical expenses. If you happen to be dealing with medical expenses that themselves are greater than 10% of your adjusted gross income for the current calendar year, you'll be happy to know that you can pay for them directly out of your IRA without dealing with a penalty of any kind. 

  • Family circumstances. If at any point you've been required to pay funds to a member of your family (like your children, dependents or even a divorced husband or wife), you can get the penalty fee waived on your withdrawal.
Provided that your employer allows it, you can also take out what is called a 401(k) loan. This is exactly what it sounds like - you're borrowing against your 401(k) up to $50,000 or half of your account balance, whichever is less. The best part about this method, in particular, is that it usually doesn't even require a credit check, so you won't have to deal with a "hard pull" that temporarily hurts your credit score.

Generally speaking, the maximum loan term is up to five years. In certain circumstances, however, this can go up to 15 years. Not all employer plans actually allow this, however, so you'll want to talk with your company's human resources department to make sure this is actually an option that is on the table for your particular circumstances.

One of the most important things to understand about all of this, however, is the idea that "penalty free" and "tax free" are two totally separate things. Regardless of whether or not you qualify for a penalty exemption, you will still need to pay taxes on the money that you withdraw at ordinary income rates. The only major exception to this is in the case of a Roth IRA, which you can take money out of penalty free AND tax free after five years. You may be able to enjoy the same benefit on a Roth 401(k), but only if your employer plan specifically permits this.

Regardless, as you can see, avoiding penalties on these types of funds is not necessarily as difficult as you probably thought it was going to be. Provided you go about things in the right way, you'll have fast access to the funds you need when you need them the most.



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Get to Know Prestige Accounting Services Group (previously Prestige Wealth Accounting Group)


Offices in Flemington, NJ and Califon, NJ

Our Mission: At Prestige Accounting Services Group (previously Prestige Wealth Accounting Group), we are on a mission to redefine the tax experience for individuals and small businesses. With a focus on personalized service, strategic planning, and expert guidance, we aim to empower our clients to succeed financially with confidence and ease.

Expertise in Action: With a wealth of experience and a team of dedicated professionals, we specialize in individual and small business tax preparation. While we excel in all areas of taxation, our passion lies in serving the unique needs of small business owners in New Jersey. We understand that small business taxation requires specialized knowledge and attention to detail, which is why we go above and beyond to ensure our clients receive the guidance and support they deserve.

Tailored Solutions for Every Client: Whether you're a high-net-worth individual seeking comprehensive tax planning or a small business owner in need of accounting and bookkeeping assistance, we have the expertise to meet your needs. Our team takes the time to understand your specific situation and develop customized solutions that align with your goals and objectives.

Why Choose Us?: What sets us apart from other New Jersey tax firms is our commitment to excellence and innovation in the field of taxation. We don't just prepare tax returns; we provide strategic insights, proactive planning, and actionable advice to help our clients achieve their financial goals. With a team of two CPAs, an EA, and an ERO, we have the expertise and resources to deliver exceptional service and results.

Your Success is Our Priority: At Prestige Accounting Services Group (previously Prestige Wealth Accounting Group), we measure our success by the success of our clients. We are dedicated to building long-lasting relationships, providing unparalleled service, and helping our clients thrive in today's ever-changing tax landscape.

We can't wait for you to experience the Prestige Accounting Services Group (previously Prestige Wealth Accounting Group) difference.

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